What is the difference between bromate and bromide

The electron configuration of bromide is [Ar] 4s 2 3d 10 4p 6. It exists in ionic compounds such as sodium bromide, calcium bromide and HBr. It also exists naturally in water sources. Bromine is a chemical element in the periodic table which is denoted by Br while Bromide is the anion that forms when bromine abstracts an electron from another electropositive element.

Moreover, the key difference between bromine and bromide is that bromide is the reduced form of bromine. Besides, bromide has 36 electrons compared to 35 electrons of bromine, but both have 35 protons. Therefore, bromide has a -1 charge whereas bromine is neutral. Furthermore, bromine is more chemically reactive than Bromide. Also, a further difference between bromine and bromide is that the bromide has achieved the krypton electron configuration and is, therefore, more stable than the bromine atom.

Bromine is a chemical element in the periodic table and is denoted by Br. Meanwhile, bromide is the anion that forms when bromine abstracts an electron from another electropositive element. Further, the key difference between bromine and bromide is that bromide is the reduced form of bromine.

We have a feature fountain in our Complex. Which should we use, chlorine or bromine or bromide tablets to keep the flowing water clear please? They are both toxic and cause hypothyroid even through inhalation. Use colloidal silver or iodine. Your email address will not be published. Figure Bromine. Comments We have a feature fountain in our Complex.

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Normally, baking changes its chemical composition and renders it harmless, leaving no trace in the finished product. However, if too much of the additive is used, or the bread is not baked long enough or at a high enough temperature, then a residual amount will remain. Potassium bromate is cheaper and more widely available than other food additives, and gives a better end-product.

In a low-margin, high-volume and perishable food product like bread, cost and end-product does matter. In , an expert committee administered by the World Health Organisation and Food and Agriculture Organization started evaluating potassium bromate. In , it temporarily accepted a limit of 75 ppm provided there are negligible residues in the end product, on the understanding that all bromate gets converted into bromide during baking.

This limit was later reduced to 60 ppm. In , the Codex Alimentarius, an international food safety reference agency run by the WHO and FAO, formally withdrew specifications of potassium bromate in line with the expert committee view. The EU has banned potassium iodate as well.

India and the US continue to allow use of potassium bromate in permissible limits. However, the US officially urges bakers not to use potassium bromate; in California, food containing potassium is required to have a warning label.

Many US bread and bakery manufacturers have voluntarily stopped using it. Ascorbic acid or Vitamin-C is considered a healthy alternative to potassium bromate. Other food improvers and flour treatment agents approved by law include ammonium persulphate, ammonium chloride and amylases.